Fruit, Vegetable and Beverage Consumption in Duval County Middle School Students: Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2009-2013

نویسندگان

  • Corinne A. Labyak
  • Alireza Jahan-Mihan
چکیده

Public health professionals have the opportunity to impact middle school students’ dietary behaviors to combat childhood obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary behavior results from the YRBS taken by middle school students in Duval County in 2009, 2011 and 2013. A two-stage cluster design was used and the survey was completed by 6 through 8 grade students following parent notification. Compared to other health zones, Health Zone 1 had the lowest intake of fruits and vegetables in 2009 (2.66 ±1.65) and 2011 (2.77 ± 1.60) and the second lowest intake in 2013 (2.92 ± 1.70). In 2009, 2011 and 2013, Health Zone 1 students’ response for soda intake was consistently higher compared to other health zones (2.39 ±1.54; 2.40 ±1.47; 2.29 ± 1.54 respectively). Health Zone 1, the urban core of Jacksonville, consistently had the lowest intake of fruits and vegetables and the highest intake of soda. Public health strategies should focus on improving fruit and vegetable intake and reducing soda intake within the school environment particularly focusing on Health Zone 1. Florida Public Health Review, 2016; 13, 99-107. BACKGROUND In 1990, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS). The YRBSS collects and monitors national data about behaviors related to the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among youth. Analysis of these data can facilitate assessing how health behaviors change over time and discern the correlation between behaviors and morbidity and mortality. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), one of the elements of the YRBSS, was developed in 1991 in collaboration with representatives from state and local departments of education and health, other federal agencies, and national education and health organizations. Questions from six categories of identified health risk behaviors are included in the YRBS. These are: (1) sexual risk behaviors; (2) tobacco use; (3) alcohol and substance use; (4) safety, violence, and unintentional injury; (5) diet, nutrition, and weight, including physical activity; and (6) chronic conditions such as obesity and asthma (Brener et al., 2015). The survey can be conducted by states, territories, and urban school districts (Foti et al., 2011) but if used by local agencies (such as the Florida Department of Health in Duval County, also known as Jacksonville, FL) they must keep the standard national core questions and, if applicable, questions required by a grant. Upon discussion and approval from the CDC, local agencies may include other validated questions. Duval County Health Zones This paper presents the analysis of the dietary behavior data of Duval County middle school students for the years 2009, 2011 and 2013. The data are analyzed based on the county’s six designated health zones (HZs). These six health zones are created from the county’s 35 zip codes and are based on their similar organization, economic, educational, geographic, political, and social demographics. This structure increases the statistical reliability of the zip code data, and facilitates sub-county analyses, surveillance and program planning. Data indicated that educational level, poverty, race or ethnicity differences were associated with specific health zones. Mortality rates, chronic diseases rates and health behaviors also vary among different Health Zones (Duval.floridahealth.gov, 2015). Mortality rates are higher in health zones with the lowest income and rates of poverty were significantly higher

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تاریخ انتشار 2016